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What are the types of the gear pumps? With neat sketch discuss construction working of any type of gear pump.

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 There are four types of gear pump External Gear Pump Internal Gear Pump Screw Pump Lobe Pump The basic principle of external gear pump is that a pair of gears being driven by an external means. The gear motion generates suction at inlet by creating a partial vacuum which causes fluid to be drawn into the pump housing. The fluid is drawn through the pump and is displaced as the teeth mesh on the outlet side. Construction: External gear pump have two mating gear that are turned in a closely fitted casing. Each gear is mounted on a shaft which is supported on bearing in the end covers. In this drive shaft is coupled to the prime mover. Two ports inlet and outlet are provided directly on the opposite side of the mesh point of the gears. The larger and straight ports are preferred for better performance. The driving shaft is usually connected to the upper gear of the pump. The rotation of the driver gear cause the follower gear to turn. Operation: When the pump starts rotating the rotation
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Productivity can be improved by increasing the amount of output for the same amount of input or by decreasing the amount of input for the same amount of output -Elucidate the statement.

 Productivity is an overall measure of the ability to produce a good or service. More specifically productivity is the measure of how specified resources are managed to accomplish timely objectives as stated in terms of quantity and quality. Productivity may also be defined as an index that measures output relative to the input. As such it can be expressed as: output/input. Hence there are two major ways to increase the productivity increase the numerator or decrease the denominator. of course a similar effect would be seen if both input and output increased but output increased faster that input or if input and output decreased but input decreased faster than output. Productivity is essentially the efficiency in which a company or economy can transform resources into goods potentially creating more from less. Increased productivity means greater output form the same amount of input. Increased output for the same input : In this strategy the output is increased while keeping the input
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With neat sketch explain the working of a pressure compensated flow control valve and pressure unloading valve.

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  Oil from the pump flows through the flow central valve and the flow is restricted. The approach to the adjustable restrictor is also through the pressure compensator spool. There is enough passage and space around the compensator for the oil to reach the restrictor. Let us say the pump flow is 221/min and the restrictor is adjusted to allow 101/min. There is a balance flow of 121/min which will be building up pressure in the pipe line P. The load pressure from port A of the cylinder is felt on the outlet of the flow control valve. If the spring rating is 1 bar and the load pressure at port A is 50 bar then the pressure felt on the left-hand side of the pressure compensator is 51-bar. The pressure on the right side of the compensator slowly builds-up. When this pressure reaches a pressure level just above 51-bar, the pressure compensator moves towards the left compressing the spring. In moving the passage to the restrictor is narrowed by the landing of the pressure compensator. This i
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