What is material handling system? What are the principles of material handling?

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 Material handling is the movement and storage of material at the lowest possible cost through the use of proper methods of equipment.

In other word it is the art of science of conveying, elevating, positioning, transporting, packing and storing of material. It utilizes a wide range of manual, semi automated, and automated equipment and includes consideration of the protection, storage and control of materials throughout their manufacturing and disposal.

When designing a material handling system, it is important to refer to best practices to ensure that all the equipment and processes including manual, semi automated and automated in a facility work together as a unified system.

Although there are no definite rules that can be followed when designing an effective MHS, the following Ten Principles of Material Handling as compiled by the College Industry Council on Material Handling Education ( CIC-MHE) in cooperation with the Material Handling Institute (MHI), represent the utilization of many years of accumulated experience and knowledge of many practitioners and students of material handling:

1.Planning Principle: All MH should be the result of a deliberate plan where the needs, performance objectives, and functional specification of the proposed methods are completely defined at the outset.

2.Standardization Principle: MH methods, equipment, control and software should be standardized within the limits of achieving overall performance objectives and without sacrificing needed flexibility, modularity, and throughput.

3.Work Principle: MH work ( defined as material flow multiplied by the distance moved) should be minimized without sacrificing productivity or the level of service required of the operation.

4. Ergonomic Principle: Human capabilities and limitations must be recognized and respected in the design of MH tasks and equipment to ensure safe and effective operations.

5.Unit Load Principle: Unit loads shall be appropriately sized and configured in a way that achives the material flow and inventory objectives at each stage in the supply chain.

6. Space Utilization Principle: Effective and efficient use must be made of all available space.

7. System Principle: Material movement and storage activities should be fully integrated to form a coordinated operational system which spans receving, inspection, storage, production, assembly, packaging, unitizing, order selection, shipping, and transportation and the handling of returns.

8. Automation Principle: MH operations should be mechanized and automated where feasible to improve operational efficiency, increase responsiveness, improve consistency and predictability, decrease operating costs and to eliminate repetitive or potentially unsafe manual labor.

9. Environmental Principle: Environmental impact and energy consumption should be considered as criteria when designing or selecting alternative equipment and MHS.

10. Life Cycle Cost Principle: A through economic analysis should account for the entire life cycle of all MHE and resulting systems.


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